3000 BC

One of England's greatest icons, Stonehenge’s original purpose has yet to be firmly nailed down. Some believe it to be a temple made for the worship of ancient earth deities. There are also those that claim it was a sacred site created by Merlin and King Arthur for the burial of high-ranking citizens from societies of long ago.

In the early 1960s, American astronomer Gerald S. Hawkins theorized that Stonehenge was an astronomical observatory and calendar of surprising complexity. Hawkins suggested that ancient peoples used the monument to anticipate a wide range of astronomical phenomena, including the summer and winter solstices and eclipses of both the Sun and the Moon